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Cake day: December 29th, 2023

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  • many “unused” IP addresses are unused because they’re kinda like having spare parts: if you’re planning on extending your network in the futures, your IP block kinda should reflect your end state (ie the parts you need over time to replace or “build” new hosts)

    or for blue/green deployments where it’s likely that at least half the IP range will be used in terms of process, but unused most of the time in terms of reachability

    and then there’s weird things with splitting up IP blocks into subnets with a division of 3 (the minimum needed for dealing with net splits etc) - eg across availability zones… there are always “waste” IPs because you can’t divide multiples of 8 cleaning into 3







  • in the real world we actually use distribution centers and loading docks

    because we can pass packages in bulk between large distances… in routing, it’s always delivery boys: a single packet is a single packet: there’s no bulk delivery, except where you have eg a VPN packing multiple packets into a jumbo frame or something…

    the comment you’re replying to is only providing an analogy: used to explain a single property by abstraction; not the entire thing

    we can have staff specialise in internal delivery

    but that’s not at all how NAT works: its not specialising in delivery to private hosts and making it more efficient… it’s a layer of bureaucracy (like TURN servers and paperwork - the lookup tables and mapping) that adds complexity, not because it’s ideally necessary but just because of limitations in the data format

    routers still route pretty much exactly the same in IPv6 direct or NAT, but just at the NAT layer public IP and port is remapped to internal addresses and ports: the routing is still exactly the same, but now your router has to do extra paperwork that’s only necessary because of the scheme used to address


  • NAT is not much different to a firewall though… just because the address space is publicly routable does not mean that the router has to provide a route to it, or a consistent route

    NAT works by assigning a public port for the outgoing stream different to the internal port, and it does that by inspecting packets as they go over the wire: a private machine initiates a connection, assign an arbitrary free port, and sends that packet off to the router, who then reassigns a new port, and when packets come in on that port it looks up the IP and remapped port and substitutes them

    that same process can easily be true in IPv6 but you don’t need to do any remapping: the private machine initiates a connection, and the router simply marks that IP and port combination as “routable” rather than having to do mappings as well


  • yes someone is comparing them

    that’s an analogy; not a direct comparison… they share the property that they are both demeaning to a minority group for some inherent properly of the group… the experiences are not being compared; simply the meaning behind the expression

    you’re wildly out of touch and in deep in your trans bubble

    perhaps you just don’t hang around enough trans people to understand their experiences

    racism was still racism in the 50s - it doesn’t matter that it was considered less morally reprehensible back then by the majority… morality of the majority lags behind morality of minorities

    Black people were tortured, sold and the women were raped by the house master

    deadnaming is at least a form of bullying, if not psychological torture… and if you don’t think that a lot of trans people have experiences in their lives that are at least bordering on rape (sexual acts they did just to fit in; not because they wanted or enjoyed them - in a similar way to not feeling like consent can be withdrawn… again, analogy here not comparison) then i refer you to point 2: perhaps you just don’t hang around enough trans people to understand their experiences

    comparable experiences? no; they’re too different to be comparable…

    You think getting called she when you really want to be a he is even in the same universe of suffering?

    again, i refer you to the suicide rate of trans people to argue that yes, i do: mental health is just as important as physical health no matter how much you try and dismiss it



  • again, that’s a choice you made… you can make your own clothes out of linen and the tools to do it are more available to you because they’re not hand crafted, but you choose not to because you want to save time

    heck, you can buy a shirt that’s 5x the price that will last but you choose the cheap shirt so you can have 5 of them

    this is the same argument that we don’t build the coliseum any more and therefor we’re not as good at making concrete as ancient romans… modern society is built on engineering, and engineering doesn’t build things that lasts 2000 years that’s true, but that’s not what engineering is for

    engineering isn’t about building bridges that don’t fall down: engineering is about building bridges that barely stand up so you can have more of them

    the same goes with clothes… modern clothes aren’t made to last your entire life because they’d cost 5x more… people don’t actually want a shirt from their 20s when they’re 70 - people don’t even really want a shirt from their 20s when they’re 30! they want 5 shirts in their 20s and 5 more in their 30s, and they want to be unique and personal and they want to spend no time to acquire them